External and Internal Environments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

External and Internal Environments - Essay Example 2. Influence of the external environment The outcome of an organization as well as the industry to which it belongs depends upon the affect of the external factors. USA is reviving slowly from the catastrophic financial distress. The financial distress wrecked havoc in all the industrial sectors. The banks and financial institutions suffered the most as well as the oil and gas industry (Stephen, 2012). This is because of the reason that the USA government provided significant amount of financial help in the form of rebates and commissions to the oil and gas companies. The financial distress reduced the financial help packages forwarded by the government to the companies by almost half. Thus it is important to analyze how the oil and gas industry adopted to the changing environmental factors. The company chosen for analysis is British Petroleum (BP). There are several factors affecting the outcome of the organization like the political, economical, social, technological, legal and env ironmental (Stigler, 2009). Among these only technological and economical factors are chosen since both these factors have the most significant influence over the outcome of the organization. ... BP has adopted several strategies to tide over the various environmental concerns. To improve the technological efficiency BP concentrated on the rapid improvement of the three most basic and important part of the whole operations. One is achieving operational excellence in the upstream activities, the second one is achieving operational excellence in the downstream operations and the third one is improvising the distribution system (Subramanyam, 2002). The improvement in the above three areas increased the generation of revenue by as much as 10% over the last ten years. The economical conditions are different across different countries from where BP operates. BP adopted the strategy of netting the transactions. Netting helps to bring balance in the overall transactions. Due to different economical conditions of the countries, transactional imbalance sets in. The transactional imbalance is nullified with the help of netting. Over the last couples of decades BO has formed strategic pa rtnerships with several small and medium oil and gas companies (Subramanyam, 2006). Other than that it has performed several mergers and acquisitions. These strategic partnerships and mergers and acquisitions have helped the company counteract the ups and downs of the economy across several countries. 4. Ways in which the company address the forces BP has a dedicated team of experts comprising of technicians, engineers, scientists and field specialists spread across different operational base. These teams of experts usually work far away from the actual operational site. Due the need to innovate and improve the present technologies, BP is contemplating to form dedicated research teams for each operational bases. This way the work load will get distributed (Teoh, 2003). As it is

Oscilloscope and Digital Voltmeter Essay Example for Free

Oscilloscope and Digital Voltmeter Essay A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring the electrical potential difference between two points in an electric circuit. Analog voltmeters move a pointer across a scale in proportion to the voltage of the circuit; digital voltmeters give a numerical display of voltage by use of an analog to digital converter. Voltmeters are made in a wide range of styles. Instruments permanently mounted in a panel are used to monitor generators or other fixed apparatus. Portable instruments, usually equipped to also measure current and resistance in the form of a multimeter, are standard test instruments used in electrical and electronics work. Any measurement that can be converted to a voltage can be displayed on a meter that is suitably calibrated; for example, pressure, temperature, flow or level in a chemical process plant. General purpose analog voltmeters may have an accuracy of a few per cent of full scale, and are used with voltages from a fraction of a volt to several thousand volts. Digital meters can be made with high accuracy, typically better than 1%. Specially calibrated test instruments have higher accuracies, with laboratory instruments capable of measuring to accuracies of a few parts per million. Meters using amplifiers can measure tiny voltages of micro volts or less. Part of the problem of making an accurate voltmeter is that of calibration to check its accuracy. In laboratories, the Weston Cell is used as a standard voltage for precision work. Precision voltage references are available based on electronic circuits. and supply voltage variations. To ensure that a digital voltmeters reading is within the manufacturers specified tolerances, they should be periodically calibrated against a voltage standard such as the Weston cell. Digital voltmeters necessarily have input amplifiers, and, like vacuum tube voltmeters, generally have a constant input resistance of 10 megohms regardless of set measurement range. A digital voltmeter, or DVM, is used to take highly accurate voltage measurements. These instruments measure the electrical potential difference between two conductors in a circuit. DVMs are electric voltmeters, and the preferred standard, as they offer several benefits over their analog counterparts. Voltmeters are used to measure the gain or loss of voltage between two points in a circuit. The leads are connected in parallel on each side of the circuit being tested. The positive terminal of the meter should be connected closest to the power supply. In turn, the negative terminal would be connected after the circuit being tested. The analog dial or digital display will exhibit the voltage measurement. In this circuit, Atmel AT89C51 microcontroller is used for controlling the ADC and LCD display devices. ADC 0804 is used for analog to digital conversion. Port2 of AT89C51 microcontroller is used to interface with LCD display. The control lines of LCD are interfaced with Port3 Register Select – P3.0 Read/Write – P3.1 Enable – P3.2 The 11.0592Mhz crystal is used. Theory behind calculation of Voltage divider circuit The input voltage to ADC should not increase 5V and the maximum I/p Voltage to voltmeter is 15V only. So, the design of voltage divider circuit as follows where Vmax = Maximum i/p voltage to voltmeter, Vip = i/p voltage to ADC R1 and R2 are resistance of voltage divider circuit. Digital voltmeters (DVM) The first digital voltmeter was invented and produced by Andrew Kay of Non-Linear Systems (and later founder of Kaypro) in 1954. Digital voltmeters are usually designed around a special type of analog-to-digital converter called an integrating converter. Voltmeter accuracy is affected by many factors, including temperature

Vegetarianism: Is It the Best Choice? Essay -- Healthy Lifestyle Essay

The National Institutes of Health have proven that over five hundred thousand Americans die each year from coronary heart disease. They also have found that over seven million Americans are suffering from this disease at this present time (â€Å"Facts about Coronary Disease†). This same article explains that coronary disease is the most prominent form of heart disease. There are many risk factors that have been linked to coronary heart disease, such as high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity just to name a few. These are all risk factors that can be controlled by people on their own, without the use of drugs or any medical help. There are a few exceptions, however, gender, heredity and age can also lead to this disease and these are factors that cannot be controlled by a person. The diet one chooses can serve as a preventative measure. Coronary disease is caused by thickening in the heart’s coronary arteries, which prevents nutrients and oxygen from flowing to the heart. The thickening of the arteries comes from the excessive amounts of saturated fat consumed by a person from years of careless dieting (Internet). A vegetarian diet eliminates one of the major elements in a person’s diet that contains fat. Meat is high in saturated fat. Whether it is, pork, beef, chicken, or turkey, meat contains fat from the animal that does not need to be consumed. When people cook these meats, they add different types of oils and seasonings that increase the fat intake and abuse of these foods could lead to obesity. This is another major cause of coronary heart disease. If one’s diet is based on vegetables and other non-animal foods, the chance of acquiring heart disease dramatically drops because they can eliminate two of the major causes, high cholesterol and obesity. The reason for this is obvious, non-anim al based foods do not contain high amounts of saturated fat that clog the arteries, therefore, helping one maintain a very healthy and strong heart. So far, how one’s diet affects their health by increasing the chances of heart disease has been explained. Robert Schneider, a practicing medical doctor, revealed in his book, Cancer Prevention Made Easy, that one’s diet also increases the chance of cancer. Because diet is the focus, colon, stomach and breast cancer are the most common forms that are influenced by diet. Schneider in his research has ... ...s, grains, and nuts, generally for ethical, ascetic, or nutritional reasons† (â€Å"Vegetarianism†). This definition explains why people choose to be vegetarians. Whether ethical or ascetic, the main reason for this choice is nutritional benefit. Vegetarianism improves a person’s health and gives their body a better chance of resisting diseases. These benefits together help a person live a healthier and more productive lifestyle which is what the majority of the world wants today. Adopting this diet could be one of the best choices one can make especially if they want to be successful and make a better contribution to society. For others who believe in God, making a choice to be vegetarian will help protect His temple which is the body. With all the disease in the animal kingdom today, vegetarianism will soon be the only choice for a healthy diet. All the information stated above proves that vegetarianism is worth adopting and it puts to rest any negative myth s people may have heard about it. Many say people were put here for some other purpose than to take up space and then die. If this is to be true, they must not treat their bodies like dirt so they can be the best that they can be.

Espionage Act and the First Amendment Essay

The Espionage Act of 1917 is a US federal law which was passed after the First World War under the administration of President Woodrow Wilson. The law puts it a crime against the state to leak information to outsiders under the intention of creating hindrances to the operation of the US armed forces. This was passed for the fear that oppositions at the middle of the war shall constitute a direct peril to the security of American victory. This crime shall render a maximum of twenty years in prison plus the fine to those who will be suspected to attempt â€Å"insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny or refusal of duty in the military or naval forces of the United States. † (US Espionage Act) However, Espionage Act was extended later on by the Sedition Act of 1918. This law made it illegal to speak anything against the government (US Code Collection). Part of this law forbids individuals from â€Å"willfully communicating† to any person, who in return is also held prohibited to receive certain information that the government deems to post threat to the country’s national security (Vladeck 5). The US Espionage and Sedition Acts were utilized in some prosecutions although these were considered unconstitutional and violations of human rights. Albeit oppositions and cancellation of some parts of this law, until the present time, major portions of the Espionage Act is still part of the current United States law. On the other hand, the First Amendment to the United States Constitution forbids federal legislatures that shall hinder free exercise of religion, laws that shall violate freedom of speech, infringe freedom of the press, limit right to peaceful assembly and limit the rights of the people to address the government with regards to their grievances (Collins). First Amendment to the United States Constitution is a part of the United States Bill of Rights. In an instant look, the connection between the Espionage Act and the First Amendment, would seem to be the case that the first violates the latter. Espionage Act violates freedom of speech of the Americans that is well constituted in the First Amendment to the US Constitution. † Though in contrast to the supposed protective purpose of the First Amendment, its constitution was efficiently manipulated by the Supreme Court in such a way that restriction for freedom of speech is permitted extensively. The Supreme Court instead of being protective to the rights of speech freedom has rather made restrictions on it and suggested that any form of speech or writing that endangers the state shall be subjected to punishment. However, there are no limitations or standards that would uniformly base a judgment on whether a particular speech will instigate threats to the state. Thus, the privilege to consider something a threat is being left in the hands of lawmakers, making it more dangerous and hazardous to civilians that are vocal to their opinion and ideas. The continuity of the Espionage Act and Sedition Law was further translated through the Smith Act, which on the other end was still protected under the First Amendment. The Smith Act made any means or attempt of overthrowing the American government by force or violence punishable. Ideally, it sounded as a form of protectionism for the government. But in reality, this was mainly used as a weapon to contain Communism during this era. And despite its questionable standing regarding the constitutionality of the Act, the Supreme Court made it possible to put its â€Å"advocacy of action† under protection through the tenets of the First Amendment. Thus making it possible to censor any form of speech that shall incite the overthrow of government, and in turn punish anyone that shall render this act. Thus, the Espionage Act works relatively in relation with the First Amendment. Though, Espionage Act is suppressive in nature, such that it limits, if not prohibits freedom of speech; the First Amendment has always been a protective shield for the would-be-violations of the Espionage Act. The First Amendment plays as a legalizing and legitimizing mechanism for the policies that are under the Espionage Act. On the other hand, the First Amendment, though ideally must support and encourage the freedom rights of civilians, journalists and even activists, it doesn’t serve its purpose but rather serves as sugar-coat for the continuing suppression of freedom of speech for most of the people. Consequently, the First Amendment has not been of any help for the protection of journalists because it always reasons out on the basis of â€Å"national security measures† which are at most times vague definitions (Vladeck 16). Thus the First Amendment only regulates the inflow of information, and in the process renders journalists the incapacity to deliver â€Å"good-faith† investigations that are of great public concern for it may be taken as something that shall threaten national security and harm national interests. Therefore, there exists a direct relationship between the two. Though ideally, First Amendment must take a part that is contrasting to the Espionage Act such that it shall serve as checks and balance to minimize violations of freedom rights, contrastingly though, the First Amendment serves as protection for the legality of the Espionage Act.

How to Write a Ccot Essay

WHAT IS THE CCOT ESSAY -the CCOT deals specifically with analysis of continuities and changes over time covering at least one of the perisds in the coarse outline -for examples it might address technology ,trade, culture, migrations, or environment -the CCOT questions requires analysis of process and explanation of the cause with specific examples THE PURPOSE -the evaluate your availing to analyze historical changes and continuities that. Have shaped events social political economical developments in history and ability to gauge your analysis of global processesWHAT YOU NEED TO DO -CHANGE -recognize it as it occurs in history -identify and understand the causes of change -CONTINUITY -recognize factors which remain the same throughout and entire period -identify and understand factors which allow this to continue THE CHANGE -must discuss (use concrete details) and analyze changes that occurred relevant to the question -if the questions discusses specific terms such as social and polit ical ,you need to focus on political and social changes -if the questions is more vague, you need to think of aspects to base your analysis on.THE CONTINUITY -the questions also ask you to adress continuities general these are patterns or cultural tendencies that remain stagnant for years and years – for example think of the role of women,reliegons,philosophies,or conflict between social classes -it very important to remember that you need to have concrete details to back up your continuity STARTING AND ENDING POINTS -I order to get complete credit for the CCOT you need to address the starting point -I order to analyze changes you must discuss what it was like before -however pay attention to time period given the question you essay may require -starting point transistor and ending condition or -starting point and ending condition -meaning the outline/pure write is essential GOOD AND BAD CHANGES -you must identify the change and make it clear why that change occurred -bad Pri or to 1948 the Jewish people had no homeland on 1948 Isreal was established – Good -in the early 20th century , few people saw a need for establishing of an independent Jewish state.However, once the world realized the massive gene code of Jews that took place during World War Two , support for the establishment of Isreal began to grow FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CCOT -thesis should define areas of change and areas of continuity -establishment time period boundaries and address entire period -this can be done in 2 sentences -address both continuity and change – everyone forget s to do continuity -analyze the cause of changes – use the word because a lot -discuss global context Connect to world processes and change HELPFUL HINTS draw a timeline to help connect the era and events you will talk about -identify what the situation was at the beginning of the ra also known as a baseline – cite a fact about this -identify the situation was at the end of The era -cite a fact about this -try to explain the process of change -why did this happen? COMMON TRIGGERS FOR CHAMGE -consider that change happens enevenly in places and overtime -often speeding up to the change -are their steps to the change -intermediate points between the beginning and end period are importantHISTORICAL CONTEXTS -remember that changes and continuities in a particular region do not happen on a vacuum -use varying scope -global trend vs regional vs local -don't be afraid to note exceptions to a trend HOW TO ANSWER THW CCOT ESSAY APPROACH #1-DIRECT -basis body paragraph around the changes and continuities you identify 1 topic sentence 2 baseline 3 causes of change or context 4 evidence – early middle late 5 summary of change – status attend of period & significance HOW TO ANSWER THE CCOT ESSAY APPROACH # 2-NARRATIVE describe the foo of history from begging to end with embedded changes continuities -bases body paragraph around sub periods -topic sentience -context -c haracteristics deve to and processes that change/stay the same -causes of changes seen in period and significance How did geography effect the development mod early civilizations -location -climate -physical landscape -how do they irrigate crops? -what Crops do they grow – how do they trade, over land,river,seas? -how do they interact with the environment? -many more questions your can ask†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..

4 Things You Must Do Before You Take the SAT

4 Things You Must Do Before You Take the SAT Finding out more about the SAT isn’t difficult; it just requires a little studious planning. I know. That sounds like a bummer, but if you’d like to get the SAT score of your dreams, you will do a little preparation first. And I dont mean just buying an SAT test prep book five days before the test and reading through a little of it. Sure, a test prep book can help you, but theres but there’s a whole mess of other things you need to wrap your head around, too. Start with these before you take the SAT. Learn the SAT Registration Basics Can you waltz into a testing center and demand a test booklet? When do you register? What sorts of things do you need to know before you register for the test? When is the test even offered? What about the cost? These are questions you’re going to need the answers to before you take the SAT. It is extremely important that you get these things right. You cant just take the test whenever youd like to, and there are things you must do prior to registering. If you dont know what those things are, then youre going to miss out on the test day youd prefer, and possibly, the deadline for your school of choices application window. Thankfully, I have some answers for you. So, read on. SAT CostSAT RegistrationWhats a Good SAT Score? Learn About the SAT Test Itself The SAT test is more than just a booklet full of random questions. There are timed sections with varying degrees of difficulty, varied content areas, and different ways to earn points. Can you use a calculator on the math section? Is the SAT essay required, or can you opt out of it? How different is the Evidence-Based Writing and Language test from the old SAT Writing test? Read through each of the sections below to make sure you understand what youll be asked. Its imperative that you understand each section, especially since the SAT changed quite a bit in March 2016. Redesigned SAT 101Evidence-Based Writing and Language TestEvidence-Based SAT Reading TestThe Redesigned SAT Math Test Plan SAT Prep Into Your Schedule It may seem strange to have to schedule in SAT prep (arent schedules for your parents?), but its important to take SAT prep seriously and figure out daily time to prepare for this exam. Sometimes, your SAT score can give you college admissions boost when your GPA cant. Print the Where Do I Spend My Time? chart at the bottom of the page here, and fill in every single scheduled activity, class, and dedicated hour you currently have. Then, figure out where SAT prep can fit into that busy schedule. You have more available time to study than you probably think you have. Effectively Prep for the SAT Once you have figured out where SAT prep can fit into your schedule, you need to determine what SAT prep is the best for you. You can read all you like about the SAT, but if you don’t prep effectively, you’ll just be running around in circles, getting yourself all sweaty, but ending up nowhere near the SAT score you deserve. Below are some test prep options you definitely need to follow before you go anywhere near an SAT testing center. Before you look into any of these, check out Which Test Prep is Right For Me? You may be better studying with a tutor than taking a class, or you may have an easier time studying by yourself with a book or app instead of signing up for a test prep course online. The guide will help you choose. SAT Tutoring OptionsThe Best SAT Test Prep Books5 Sources for Free SAT Prep

Medical Lawand Ethics Essays

Medical Lawand Ethics Essays Medical Lawand Ethics Paper Medical Lawand Ethics Paper In this medical case, it is described how Johnny, a 2-year old boy, has been diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and needs blood transfusion immediately since his hemoglobin count has dropped to drastically dangerous levels. According to the medical report presented in the case, Johnny could die should his hemoglobin continue to decrease because it is essential in delivering oxygenated blood. The problem and ethical dilemma in the case, however, is that the boy’s parents, Sarah and Tom, are practicing Jehovah’s Witnesses, which is a religion that prohibits any form of blood transfusion among its members. Personally, I believe that having a professional code of ethics played a vital role in actions of the healthcare team in addressing Johnny’s illness. As stated in the case, there are other alternatives to treat Johnny’s condition. The alternatives that the team used are oral/intravenous/intramuscular preparations of iron and Epogen, a colony stimulating factor that can be used to trigger the patient’s bone marrow to produce new blood cells. However, Johnny’s health continued to deteriorate and he required immediate platelet transfusion, which is against the religion of his parents. But a court order ruled that in case of a life-threatening condition, the boy must receive transfusion and so the parents had no choice but to allow it. Upon analyzing this case using the Three-Step Ethics model, three questions must be asked: Is it legal? Is it balanced? And how does it make one feel? Evidently, the answers to all those questions are yes because the healthcare team could’ve ignored the patient’s religion and proceeded immediately with a transfusion. However, the team chose to forego the procedure until it is immediately needed, which showed that they acted in accordance with their professional code of ethics and the laws of the patient’s religion. Moreover, although Sue, the nurse who administered the transfusion, felt guilty with her actions, in the end, the results proved beneficial to all parties. Johnny was able to recover from his illness and has been enabled to live a healthy life again. In short, the actions of the healthcare team was generally ethical because they exercised judgment based on their professional code of ethics,, acted according to the laws of both the state and the patient’s religion, and most of all, saved the ill boy’s life. References McNeil, S. (1997). Johnny’s story: transfusing a Jehovah’s Witness. B. net. Pediatric Nursing. Retrieved July 12, 2009 from http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m0FSZ/is_n3_v23/ai_n18607405/? tag=content;col1.